Top cited papers, continuously indexable.

A negative isotropic magnetoresistance effect more than three orders of magnitude larger than the typical giant magnetoresistance of some superlattice films has been observed in thin oxide films of perovskite-like La(0.…

A book thatbecame the basis for modern communication theory, by a scientist considered one of the founders of the field of artifical intelligence. Some predict that Norbert Wiener will be remembered for his Extrapolatio…

ABSTRACT We examine the pricing of aggregate volatility risk in the cross‐section of stock returns. Consistent with theory, we find that stocks with high sensitivities to innovations in aggregate volatility have low ave…

We discuss a method for determining the optimally localized set of generalized Wannier functions associated with a set of Bloch bands in a crystalline solid. By ``generalized Wannier functions'' we mean a set of localiz…

A method, utilizing brine shrimp ( Artemia salina L EACH ), is proposed as a simple bioassay for natural product research. The procedure determines LC 50 values in µg/ml of active compounds and extracts in the brine med…

Some characteristics of a microplate method for the detection and assay of plant viruses using enzyme-labelled antibodies are described. The method enabled the highly sensitive detection of a number of morphologically d…

The Bayesian approach to statistical problems, though fruitful in many ways, has been rather unsuccessful in treating nonparametric problems. This is due primarily to the difficulty in finding workable prior distributio…

IMPORTANCE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a worldwide sudden and substantial increase in hospitalizations for…

Automatically describing an image with a sentence is a long-standing challenge in computer vision and natural language processing. Due to recent progress in object detection, attribute classification, action recognition…

CONTEXT: Overweight and obesity are increasing dramatically in the United States and most likely contribute substantially to the burden of chronic health conditions. OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between weigh…

The healing of an adult skin wound is a complex process requiring the collaborative efforts of many different tissues and cell lineages. The behavior of each of the contributing cell types during the phases of prolifera…

The clinical relevance of T cells in the control of a diverse set of human cancers is now beyond doubt. However, the nature of the antigens that allow the immune system to distinguish cancer cells from noncancer cells h…

This document details the procedures and recommendations of the Goals and Metrics Committee of the Strategic Planning Task Force of the American Heart Association, which developed the 2020 Impact Goals for the organizat…

The embedded zerotree wavelet algorithm (EZW) is a simple, yet remarkably effective, image compression algorithm, having the property that the bits in the bit stream are generated in order of importance, yielding a full…

Abstract An improved method for computing potential‐derived charges is described which is based upon the CHELP program available from QCPE. 1 This approach (CHELPG) is shown to be considerably less dependent upon molecu…

This volume is a compilation of the neuropsychological tests currently used by the authors and their colleagues at the University of Victoria (Melbourne, Australia) Neuropsychology Laboratory. As pointed out by the auth…

The crack extension in a large plate subjected to general plane loading is examined theoretically and experimentally. It is found that under skew-symmetric plane loading of brittle materials the “sliding” or the crack e…

A person with a reasonably stable sense of self-identity has a feeling of biographical continuity which she is able to grasp reflexively and, to a greater or lesser degree, communicate to other people. In conditions of…

Mapping of homozygous deletions on human chromosome 10q23 has led to the isolation of a candidate tumor suppressor gene, PTEN, that appears to be mutated at considerable frequency in human cancers. In preliminary screen…

BACKGROUND: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury…

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is a strong independent risk factor for stroke. PURPOSE: To characterize the efficacy and safety of antithrombotic agents for stroke prevention in patients who have atrial fibrillation, a…

This is an introductory textbook for graduate students and researchers from various fields of science who wish to learn about carbon nanotubes. The field is still at an early stage, and progress continues at a rapid rat…

This short treatise looks at how we construct a social reality from our sense impressions; at how, for example, we construct a five-pound note with all that implies in terms of value and social meaning, from the printed…

Skyrmions represent topologically stable field configurations with particle-like properties. We used neutron scattering to observe the spontaneous formation of a two-dimensional lattice of skyrmion lines, a type of magn…

For a variety of reasons, the definition and the classification of cerebral palsy (CP) need to be reconsidered. Modern brain imaging techniques have shed new light on the nature of the underlying brain injury and studie…

Artificial intelligence (AI) aims to mimic human cognitive functions. It is bringing a paradigm shift to healthcare, powered by increasing availability of healthcare data and rapid progress of analytics techniques. We s…

This article presents a comprehensive definition and conceptual model of person‐organization fit that incorporates supplementary as well as complementary perspectives on fit. To increase the precision of the construct's…

A coupled wave analysis is given of the Bragg diffraction of light by thick hologram gratings, which is analogous to Phariseau's treatment of acoustic gratings and to the “dynamical” theory of X-ray diffraction. The the…

Both practitioners and academics understand that consumer loyalty and satisfaction are linked inextricably. They also understand that this relation is asymmetric. Although loyal consumers are most typically satisfied, s…

Objective: To define the terms “sepsis” and “organ failure” in a precise manner. Data Sources: Review of the medical literature and the use of expert testimony at a consensus conference. Setting: American College of Che…

Traditional methods of evaluating geographic models by statistical comparisons between observed and simulated variates are criticized. In particular, it is suggested that the correlation coefficient (r), its square and…

This paper describes the technical development and accuracy assessment of the most recent and improved version of the SoilGrids system at 250m resolution (June 2016 update). SoilGrids provides global predictions for sta…

Solar photospheric and meteoritic CI chondrite abundance determinations for all elements are summarized and the best currently available photospheric abundances are selected. The meteoritic and solar abundances of a few…

BACKGROUND: Anemia, a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), has previously been attributed primarily to decreased production of erythropoietin. More recently, it has become apparent that the etiology of a…

A high number of tree species, low density of adults of each species, and long distances between conspecific adults are characteristic of many low-land tropical forest habitats. I propose that these three traits, in lar…

Abstract Version 5.0 of the ORCA quantum chemistry program suite was released in July 2021. ORCA 5.0 represents a major improvement over all previous versions of ORCA and features (1) highly improved performance, (2) in…

We describe the theory and practice of real GDP comparisons across countries and over time. Version 8 of the Penn World Table expands on previous versions in three respects. First, in addition to comparisons of living s…

Counseling psychologists often work with clients to increase their well-being as well as to decrease their distress. One important aspect of well-being, highlighted particularly in humanistic theories of the counseling…

Chemically tuned inorganic-organic hybrid materials, based on CH3NH3(═MA)Pb(I(1-x)Br(x))3 perovskites, have been studied using UV-vis absorption and X-ray diffraction patterns and applied to nanostructured solar cells.…

There is confusion and misunderstanding about the concepts of knowledge translation, knowledge transfer, knowledge exchange, research utilization, implementation, diffusion, and dissemination. We review the terms and de…

We present a new method for solving stochastic differential equations based on Galerkin projections and extensions of Wiener's polynomial chaos. Specifically, we represent the stochastic processes with an optimum trial…

Evidence is presented that within the density-functional theory orbital polarization has to be treated on an equal footing with spin polarization and charge density for strongly interacting electron systems. Using a bas…

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Assessment of the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is common practice in systematic reviews. However, the reliability of data obtained with most quality assessment scales has not be…

In this issue, “Best of the Web” presents the modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) resources, consisting of a collection of handwritten digit images used extensively in optical character recog…

Hepcidin is a peptide hormone secreted by the liver in response to iron loading and inflammation. Decreased hepcidin leads to tissue iron overload, whereas hepcidin overproduction leads to hypoferremia and the anemia of…

Certain one-dimensional Fermi systems have an energy gap in the bulk spectrum while boundary states are described by one Majorana operator per boundary point. A finite system of length L possesses two ground states with…

Adriaan Schout; Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, The Economic Journal, Volume 101, Issue 409, 1 November 1991, Pages 1587–1589, http

List of figures Acknowledgement Preface Notation and conventions List of abbreviations 1. Introduction 2. Univariate time series models 3. State space models and the Kalman filter 4. Estimation, prediction and smoothing…

Summary Ecologists and evolutionary biologists rely on an increasingly sophisticated set of statistical tools to describe complex natural systems. One such tool that has gained significant traction in the biological sci…

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Elaborated throughout the 1990s, the discourse theory of law and democracy extends the project of critically rethinking the capacities of liberal democracies for radical self-reform that was undertaken by the discourse…

The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and sa…

This paper views caregiver stress as a consequence of a process comprising a number of interrelated conditions, including the socioeconomic characteristics and resources of caregivers and the primary and secondary stres…

The basic theory of Markov chains has been known to mathematicians and engineers for close to 80 years, but it is only in the past decade that it has been applied explicitly to problems in speech processing. One of the…

While the quality of the current CHARMM22/CMAP additive force field for proteins has been demonstrated in a large number of applications, limitations in the model with respect to the equilibrium between the sampling of…

The spectrum sensing problem has gained new aspects with cognitive radio and opportunistic spectrum access concepts. It is one of the most challenging issues in cognitive radio systems. In this paper, a survey of spectr…

We sought to create a comprehensive catalog of yeast genes whose transcript levels vary periodically within the cell cycle. To this end, we used DNA microarrays and samples from yeast cultures synchronized by three inde…

A direct numerical simulation of a turbulent channel flow is performed. The unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically at a Reynolds number of 3300, based on the mean centreline velocity and channel half-wi…

knowledge' about women in the third world by particular analytic categories employed in writings on the subject which take as their primary point of reference feminist interests as they have been articulated in the US a…

Phylogenetic analyses are central to many research areas in biology and typically involve the identification of homologous sequences, their multiple alignment, the phylogenetic reconstruction and the graphical represent…

Neural networks have enabled state-of-the-art approaches to achieve incredible results on computer vision tasks such as object detection. However, such success greatly relies on costly computation resources, which hinde…

Most studies of social relationships in later life focus on the amount of social contact, not on individuals' perceptions of social isolation. However, loneliness is likely to be an important aspect of aging. A major li…

The definition of sustainability has always been discussed by experts. In 1972, definitions stressed restrictions on ecological systems, carrying out functions such as absorption and recycling of waste of anthropogenic…